PWT version 11.0 is a database with information on relative levels of income, output, input and productivity, covering 185 countries between 1950 and 2023.

Please check the main codebook at: https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/docs/pwt_71vs80_variable_correspondence.pdf. The document with the revisions done to this version is found here: https://dataverse.nl/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.34894/FABVLR

Dataset type
Time-Series
Dataset level
Country
Last updated by source
2025-10-07

Citation

When using this dataset, please cite as:

• Feenstra, R. C., Inklaar, R., & Timmer, M. P. (2015). The next generation of the penn world table. The American Economic Review, 105(10), 3150–3182. http://www.ggdc.net/pwt

Variables in this dataset

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Capital services at constant 2021 national prices (2021= 1). Millions of US$. Capital services at constant national prices, based on investment and prices of structures and equipment.

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Capital services using prices for structures and equipment that are constant across countries. Capital services levels at current PPPs (USA = 1).

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Share of government consumption at current purchasing power parities (PPPs).

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Human Capital Index
QoG code: pwt_hci

Human capital index based on the average years of schooling from Barro and Lee (Barro & Lee, 2013) and an assumed rate of return to education, based on Mincer equation estimates around the world (Psac ...

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Share of merchandise exports at current PPPs.

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Share of merchandise imports at current PPPs.

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Price level of capital formation, price level of USA GDPo in 2021=1. Purchasing power parity is in units of the currency of a country per unit of the currency of the base country, it is common to d ...

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Price level of the capital services, price level of USA=1. Purchasing power parity is in units of the currency of a country per unit of the currency of the base country, it is common to divide it b ...

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Price level of exports, price level of USA GDPo in 2021=1. Purchasing power parity is in units of the currency of a country per unit of the currency of the base country, it is common to divide it b ...

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Price level of government consumption, price level of USA GDPo in 2021=1. Purchasing power parity is in units of the currency of a country per unit of the currency of the base country, it is common ...

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Price level of household consumption, price level of USA GDPo in 2021=1. Purchasing power parity is in units of the currency of a country per unit of the currency of the base country, it is common ...

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Price level of imports, price level of USA GDPo in 2021=1. Purchasing power parity is in units of the currency of a country per unit of the currency of the base country, it is common to divide it b ...

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Population (in millions)
QoG code: pwt_pop

Population (in millions).

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Real GDP at constant 2021 national prices (in million US Dollars), obtained from national accounts data for each country.

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Share of residual trade and GDP statistical discrepancy at current PPPs.

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Share of gross capital formation at current PPPs.

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Share of household consumption at current PPPs.

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Share of labour compensation in GDP at current national prices.

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Total Factor Productivity (TFP) at constant national prices (2021=1). TFP index, computed with Real GDP at constant national prices, capital services at constant national prices based on investment ...

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Total Factor Productivity (TFP) level at current PPPs (USA=1). TFP level is computed with output-side real GDP, capital services, labor input data, and the share of labour income in GDP. This va ...

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Exchange rate, national currency/USD (market+estimated).

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